Frequently
Asked
Questions
About
Generalization of Mass-Energy Conservation.
Series #3
Question - (3-A)
In
order to predict all the phenomena usually attributed to relativity,
can we just take into account the change of mass (due to kinetic and
all other energies) and use Newton's equations (without any new
physics)?
A. - Yes,
this is
quite correct. However, we must take a "full account" of all the
transformations between masses and energy, both directly and
indirectly. This might not be as obvious as expected at first sight,
because this principle must be equally applied inside atoms. The
principle of mass-energy conservation must be applied quite generally,
in all cases, even inside atoms and nuclei.
-----------------------
Question - (3-B)
Since
both the electron mass and the proton mass increase in the same
proportion, does this compensate so that the atomic energy levels
remain the same?
A. - No,
this same relative change of mass does not lead to any compensation.
Since the effective mass value that must be taken in the calculations
for the proton and the electron leads to "reduced masses", the energy
levels almost change solely due to the change of electron mass. The
change of proton mass gives a negligible correction (about 2000 times
smaller than for the electron). Being negligible compared with the
effect due to the change of electron mass, this variation of the proton
mass is neglected. The variation of electron mass is taken into
account in chapters three and
also eleven of the
Book: "Einstein's Theory of Relativity
versus Classical Mechanics".
-----------------------
Question - (3-C)
Apart of the fact that there is a change of
electron mass inside atoms, is there any other important changes in
atoms which have consequences when we apply Newton's classical
mechanics?
A. - Yes, it
is well known that there are two important consequences which changes
the Newtonian parameters. They are:
1- A change of electron mass leads to a change of size of the Bohr
radius. Consequently, the size of the atoms is different. Therefore the
size of matter (e.g. length) is different. Any physical material
(standard rods, size of human bodies, etc. . . .) will occupy a
different volume (different lengths) in space.
2- A change of electron mass changes the energy of the quantum states
of atoms. That change of quantum levels changes the frequencies of the
energy (light) emitted during these transitions. Therefore atomic
clocks will run at a different rate (following a change of electron
mass).
These
phenomena are demonstrated in detail in the book: Einstein's Theory of Relativity versus
Classical Mechanics.
-----------------------
Question - (3-D)
Does
the change of size of matter and the change of clock rate described
above imply new physics and new hypotheses, or is it just the same
physics previously known for almost a century?
A. The change of size of the Bohr radius and the change of frequency of
radiation emitted during transitions is in perfect agreement with De
Broglie equation, which is the realistic basis of quantum mechanics.
This physical phenomenon was known in 1914. (Ref. Sagnac M. G., J.
de Phys.,
1914, 4, 177-195). It is also in perfect agreement with all modern
quantum mechanics and quantum electrodynamics calculations developed in
the twenties (Schroedinger equation). De Broglie's equation and all
modern calculations are in perfect agreement with all existing
experimental data, which imply a change of atom size, as a function of
a change of electron mass. No one can argue against the change of size
of matter (rods) and the change of clock rate as a consequence of the
change of electron mass (due to mass-energy conservation). This would
be contrary to the calculation of quantum mechanics which have always
led to correct predictions.
Let me
point out that the mathematics of quantum mechanics leads to correct
predictions even if its physical interpretation is absurd.
Consequently, the change of length of matter does not imply any new
physics. It is just an application of de Broglie equation (or the
application of the mathematics of quantum mechanics, if you prefer) and
the principle of mass-energy conservation. All the physical
observations can now be described physically without any
of Einstein's arbitrary hypotheses.
-----------------------
Question - (3-F)
What
is the consequence of such a "change of size of atoms" and a "change of
clock rate" in Newtonian physics (due to the change of electron mass)?
A. - In Newton Mechanics, calculations require the knowledge of length.
This length is defined as the number of times the (proper) local
standard unit of length is counted in the length to be measured.
Furthermore, Newton's mechanics also uses clocks. In order to determine
what is called: The (proper) Newtonian Time Interval, the observer must
refer to the "Clock Display" generated by the local clock, (which
depends on the change of electron mass).
Consequently, when a moving observer measures the "proper length" and
the "proper value" on the local clock, these readings are dependent on
the change of electron mass (therefore on the observer's velocity and
its potential energy). Therefore any observer measuring the proper
length and the proper display on the moving frame must take into
account the corrections due to the change of electron mass.
-----------------------
Question - (3-G)
Does
this means that, when we take into account the change of mass (see
above, question 3-F), we must also necessarily always take into
account, the corresponding change of length and also the corresponding
change of clock rate?
A. - Yes.
This is absolutely necessary. We must be coherent.
-----------------------
Question - (3-H)
Are there any other phenomena that must still be
added to these above corrections?
A. - As long
as you take into account mass-energy conservation everywhere,
you can be sure to get the correct answer. This includes mass-energy
conservation plus secondary consequences due to mass-energy
conservation (which are a change of length and a change of clock rate).
Even in the case of macroscopic physics, you simply have to apply
Newton's laws of physics, using proper values, as observed by an
observer which is assumed to be located where the phenomenon takes
place.
If you wish
to consider
atomic and molecular energies inside atoms and even nuclear energies in
the nucleus, we must also consider the relevant electric, magnetic and
nuclear energies.
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Series
3
Generalization
of
Mass-Energy
Conservation.
Updated
Sept.
1999